Важливість імпровізованої ляльки для майбутнього актора-лялькаря

Abstract

У статті розглянуто специфічність навчання студента-лялькаря. Через аналіз різновидів імпровізованої ляльки доведено, що саме курс імпровізованої ляльки допомагає студентові зробити плавний перехід від руки до ляльки. Досліджено, що цей курс є важливою передумовою для роботи з театральною лялькою та створення акторського образу майбутнього актора-лялькаря.

В статье рассмотрена специфичность учебы студента-кукольника. Путём анализа разновидностей импровизированной куклы доказано, что именно курс импровизированной куклы помогает студенту сделать плавный переход от руки к кукле. Исследовано, что данный курс является важной предпосылкой для работы с театральной куклой и создания актерского образа будущего актера-кукольника.

One of the main assignments in professional training of a student-puppeteer is a development of skills to hand over his or her own inner feelings directly by means of a hand or an artistic instrument-theatre puppet. First, quite not simple stage is to teach a student to operate by hands or through hands, however they are basic instrument of a professional puppeteer. Besides the training exercises that develop plastic arts and technique of hands a student is taught a course on the mastery of an improvised puppet. This course is an important precondition by teaching on working with theatre puppets of all systems. There is a big variety of improvised puppets that is created by a hand or by an object on a plane-table or on a screen. Hands that depict and operate – this is a conditional form of the puppet theatre, where hand replaces basic means – a puppet. In plastic sketches hands create unexpected their own true, vivid situations, animal images, objects etc. The improvised puppet on a plane-table is more expressive in dancing, where it can convey the concept and nature of its dance by special movement of its «legs». A hand with a ball – improvised puppet on a screen. The hand in particular creates a new, unexpected embodiment by hand – a little person. It helps student to get over from more conditional plastic puppet in front of him or her to more specific image of a puppet. One of a kind of improvised puppet is a puppet on the actor’s hand that operates it openly in front of the audience. It’s a very complicated stage of studies of operation of such puppet, however the division of external image out of the actor creates a problem of divarication. The actor must act not on his own personality but on an imaginary personality of a puppet, and to be filled with its concerns, aspirations, attitudes, as his own. In such case it’s necessary to have high techniques of attention, development of imagination and fantasy that play an important role in the training of a future actor. Puppet techniques help him to choose and memorize by heart highly accurate movements, perspective and gestures of a puppet. Imagination and fantasy are favorable to spiritual incarnation into the puppet. Trained attention of a puppeteer has an easy of access to the visual communication with the partner’s puppet, auditory attention to his words, visual control on his puppet, minor supervision of the screen and floor on the stage, acoustic supervision of the auditory and even the supervision of two puppets on two hands in case he operates them simultaneously. Therefore, the student receives a lot of exercises and trainings for the development of his attention during his studies. The course of improvised puppet during which a smooth transition «hand-hand-puppet» takes place is methodically necessary for the future puppeteer, as it is a precondition for a work with a professional puppet and creation of a dramatic image.